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Photosynthesis is the fixation of carbon dioxide into organic compounds, by green plants, using solar energy and chlorophyll. The CO2 is reduced using H+ ions from water.  

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Photosynthesis is the fixation of carbon dioxide into organic compounds, by green plants, using solar energy and chlorophyll. The CO2 is reduced using H+ ions from water. * The chloroplast pigments are located in the lamellae (Thylokoid membranes). * These pigments remain embedded in the Thylokoid membrane. * Chlorophylls have a polar 'porphyrin' head containing a Mg+ ion and a non-polar long hydrocarbon (phytol) tail. The polar head is attached to the proteins of the thylakoid membranes while the non-polar tail extends into the lipid layer of the membrane phospholipid bilayer. * Chlorophylls, carotenoids and electron carriers are assembled together in the thylakoids membrane to form Photosystems I and PS II. There are several forms of chlorophyll, differing slightly in colour, chemical structure and absorption peaks. Carotenoids are hydrocarbons situated close to the chlorophyll. * The absorption spectrum is a graph that shows how much light a particular pigment absorbs at each wavelength. It...

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