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Clare Johnson Queen's College 24th January 2004 How do pathogens attack plants? Pathogens have evolved the ability to exploit substances produced by plants and have therefore also developed ways to attack plants in order to utilise these substances. However, plants have many structral and biochemical defense mechanisms which the pathogen must breach. In order for a pathogen to successfully infect a plant it must firstly arrive at the plant, attach to the plant, penetrate, obtain the plant's nutrients, establish and disperse while at the same time neutralising the defense actions of the plant. These activities are achieved by mechanical force or by secretions of chemicals that affect the metabolic host processes. Plant pathogens have one of three modes of nutrition which determine the way the pathogen attacks the plant. Necrotrophs such as Botrytis cinera attack with the intention of killing the host. They are highly opportunistic, have a wide host range, release many enzymes and...

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