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Introduction The Umayyad period is often considered the formative period in Islamic art. At first, even though Arabic became the official language and Islam the principal religion of the conquered lands, artists continued to work in their established manner. The main artistic influence came from the later antique classical naturalistic tradition, which had been prelevant on the eastern shores of the Mediterranean; the lands of Syrians and Byzantines. It is said that the Umayyad style of art is an interim era between the Christian and the Abbasid Art styles. Also the ornamental elements of this period were a mixture of several elements inherited from former civilizations like Hellenistic, Byzantine and Sassanian. A brief to Byzantine Imagery (Icons) The word "icon" derives from the Greek "eikon" and means an image, any image or representation, but "in the more restricted sense in which it is generally understood, it means a holy image to which special veneration...

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