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4.4 Treatment of offender The ultimate aim of punishment is to stop certain types of behaviour occurring or to prevent them from reoccurring in the future. Cavadino and Dignan (1997) suggest some justification for punishment which include * Deterrence-an unpleasant experience or the threat of one serves to prevent the behaviour in the future. * Reform- the experience of punishment leads the offender to becoming a changed individual, such that they become rehabilitated and do not repeat the behaviour in the future. * Incapacitation-the punishment serves to (temporarily) prevent the individual form committing further crimes by, for example, removing them from society or removing the means to re-offend. * Retribution- the punishment is designed to fit the crime. Society exacts a kind of revenge upon the offender that is considered proportional to the crime, such that a very serious crime merits a very serious punishment. Custodial and non custodial sentencing Custodial sentencing involves a...

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