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Verity Reeves 26/1104 Psychology Assignment Crime A) One Biological explanation of crime is Low intelligence. Studies have tended to link between low IQ and crime, although the link is not a simple one. Rutter and Giller (83) suggest two possible links. Once is that low intelligence leads to educational failure and consequently low self esteem. This then manifests as emotional; disturbances, conduct disorders and criminal behaviour. The second is that intelligence and conduct disorders may have a common starting point which is not clear, for eg- neurophysiological. Also, more recent studies do tend to find that the average intelligence is below average (e.g. - an IQ of 92 compared to a norm of 100). One sociological explanation of crime is the learning theories of crime. Children usually learn through classical; conditioning, operant conditioning or through observation or imitation as suggested by the social learning theory. The view that criminal behaviour, in common with all other...

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