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Sleepiness - A critique of its measurement Contents Introduction 2 Overview of Sleep Function 3 The different dimensions of Sleepiness 4 Overview: methods for measuring Sleepiness 5 SUBJECTIVE MEASURES 5 Visual Analogue Scales 5 Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) 5 Stanford Sleepiness Scale (SSS) 6 Karolinska Sleepiness Scale (KSS) 6 OBJECTIVE MEASURES 6 EEG 6 Pupillography 6 Vigilance and Reaction Time 7 Maintenance of Wakefulness (MWT) 7 Multiple Sleep Latency Test (MSLT) 7 The MSLT looks at sleep propensity, i.e. it conceptualises sleepiness as the likelihood of falling asleep. It has proved extremely popular with sleep researchers, referred to by Roehrs, et al. (2000) as the "the standard physiological measure of sleepiness" (see Carskadon et al., 1986). The test uses standard polysomnographic techniques to measure the latency to fall asleep, on repeated measures at 2-hour intervals during the day. The setting is a quiet, dark bedroom. 7 Other behavioural components... moving on to Johns' stuff 8 Jonathan Scott 9 Prof Jim Horne, Prof Kevin Morgan & Dr Clare Anderson 9 Sleep Research Laboratory, Department of Human Sciences, Loughborough University, Leicestershire, U.K. 9 References 12 Introduction Sleepiness is certainly associated with such sleep disorders as sleep...

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