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The Behaviourist Approach To the Understanding of Human Behaviour
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| Submitted: Thu Jul 11 2002
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THE BEHAVIOURIST APPROACH TO THE UNDERSTANDING OF HUMAN BEHAVIOUR Behaviourism is the theory that human behaviour is determined by conditioning (a change in behaviour due to association between events) rather than by the mind and emotions. John Broadus Watson, a US psychologist, founded behaviourism but it originated with Ivan Petrovich Pavlov's (a Russian experimental physiologist) research into salivation reflexes in dogs, during which he identified the principles of classical conditioning or association learning. Pavlov noticed that whenever dogs anticipated food they salivated and secreted other digestive juices. Using his knowledge that anticipation could not only be stimulated by the sight and smell of food but also by other associated stimuli such as the sounds of their keeper's approach, Pavlov conducted some experiments to show that learning is based on association. On many occasions Pavlov rung a bell just before a dog is fed and the dog salivated as usual...
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