Describe and evaluate two theories of attachment.

... Describe and evaluate two theories of attachment. (12 marks) One key theory of attachment is the evolutionary theory, as proposed by John Bowlby. He argued that infants have a biological need for attachment with their care giver, whom often, is the mother. This closeness is vital for survival, and the relationship is needed in order to help the child develop and reach maturity. The initial three years, known as the critical period is fundamental in order for the child to grow up and sustain mature relationships in later life. He also worked on the idea of monotropy, the main attachment to one specific person, the mother, Bowlby maintained. The child possesses social releasers, such as smiling and crying, which act as signals to encourage the primary care giver to look after them. In return, the mother has maternal instincts, which cause her to strive to care for and protect the baby.

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