Consequences of early attachment relations for children’s social development
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Consequences of early attachment relations for children's social development. Sigmund Freud (1909) suggested that a child's psychological development takes place in psychosexual stages (a series of five fixed stages). In the oral stage, which occurs in the first year of a child's life, the focus of organ-pleasure is the mouth. He proposed that if children experience trauma in this stage, they become fixated in the oral stage and it continues into adulthood, for example, smoking and thumb-sucking. The second stage, from 1-3 years of age, is the anal stage. In this stage, the child is fully aware of the ego and that his wish might conflict with someone else's. Freud believed it to be characterized in elimination through potty-training, for example (Freud, 1909). The phallic stage, 3-6 years, in which the focus of organ-pleasure has shifted to the genitals, includes Freud's highly controversial Oedipus conflict which analyses the castration anxiety in...

