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Encoding in Short-term and Long-term memory.
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Cognitive Psychology: Human Memory Encoding in Short-term and Long-term memory Aim: * 1960's- Controversy concerning the nature of coding in memory. - Baddeley tested if acoustic coding (based on the sound of the word) is used in STM. -Semantic coding (based on the memory of the word) us used in LTM. * Research based on Conrad's research- 1964 - Argued STM encodes information acoustically -No clarification which code preferred by LTM * Baddeley- aimed to confirm Conrad's findings and establish understanding of LTM Procedure:- Laboratory experiment using independent measures design - 4 types of word list -first 2-experimental conditions -Other 2 - control conditions * Acoustically similar (e.g. meet/feet/sweet) * Semantically similar (e.g. neat/clean/tidy) * Acoustically dissimilar (e.g. hot/far/jam) * Semantically dissimilar (e.g. pen/jump/day) * Independent variable- type of word list (acoustically similar/dissimilar or semantically similar/dissimilar) * Dependent variable- number of substitution errors made (one item confused with another)- Indicates main form on encoding * Participants recalled common words readily-similar frequency words * Participants asked...
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