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A Summary of Memory.
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| Submitted: Thu Jul 11 2002
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A Summary of Memory. Ebbinghaus began the systematic study of memory using nonsense syllables. He showed that memory declined very rapidly at first, then levelled off. James (1890) observed that whilst memory appears to store some information for a lifetime other information is lost really quickly. He distinguished between two types of memory primary structure and secondary structure. Today these are known as short-term memory (STM) and long term memory (LTM). The limited capacity of STM can be increased through chunking as Miller (1956) discovered. However, chunking depends on matching incoming information and it's representation in LTM as Miller and Selfridges discovered (1950). The closer a sentence is to English the better it was recalled in the study. Bower and Springston (1970) presented a group of American students with familiar letters (e.g., fbi, phd0 and they grouped them in a different combination (egf, bip, hd) and asked other students. More letters...
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