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Alexei Schwab How valid are the criticisms of Marx's theory of history? Marxism emerged as a philosophy following the death of Karl Marx is 1883. A determinist philosophy, it sees society as being on a inevitable course towards socialism, due to dialectic processes. Marxism places the causes of the change as those of the materialistic focus of human activity and predicted that at its final stage, this would lead to a classless, stateless society (Communism). Although Marxism's egalitarian aims are admirable, over the years a number of faults have been made apparent by its critics, ranging from theoretical inconsistencies to failure in practical application. One of the most obvious criticisms is that there has never been a proletarian revolution in an advanced industrialised country. Marx claimed that countries such as Britain and Germany would be the first to experience revolutions as the process of industrialisation would create a "class consciousness" among the working...

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