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Kurt Wintje PLSC 389W Prof. Shvetsova 12/07/06 Finnish Political Party System I. Origins and History The first political parties in Finland were founded in the middle of the nineteenth century when Finland was an autonomous part of the Russian Empire. The formation of parties was initially based on the language cleavage. The Finnish Party, founded in 1860, demanded increased educational and other rights for the Finnish speaking majority. The Swedish Party emerged shortly after to defend Swedish minority rights. A new cleavage emerged in the late nineteenth century - Finnish relations with Russia. The Young Finns broke from the Finnish Party in disagreement over the Finnish Party's tolerance toward the encroaching prerogatives of the Russian czar. The rise of industry at the end of the century led to the founding of the Social Democratic Party in 1899, which represented the emerging working industrial class. In the first election after the reforms of 1907, which granted universal...

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