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Electromagnetic spectrum facts * Waves carry vibrations through a medium. * They transfer the energy locked up in the vibrations. * Waves have a measurable speed, wavelength and frequency. * Waves meeting a boundary between mediums may be reflected, refracted or absorbed - often a mixture of all three. * Waves passing through a gap may be diffracted (spread) - the spreading is only noticeable if the gap is similar to the wavelength. * Electromagnetic waves carry transverse vibrations in electrical and magnetic fields, not vibrating particles. * E-m waves don't need matter to travel through - they can travel through empty space (a vacuum). * In a vacuum, all e-m waves travel at (approximately) 300 million metres per second (3 x 108m/s) - the fastest speed in the universe. * When e-m waves travel through matter (for example, light through air or glass), they travel a bit slower than this...

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