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PLANNING SCIENTFIC THEORY: Electromagnets An electromagnet is a device consisting of a solenoid usually a cylindrical coil of insulated wire in which an iron core is placed. An electric current passed through the coil induces a strong magnetic field along the axis of the helix. When the iron core is placed in this field, microscopic domains that can be considered small permanent magnets in the iron align themselves in the direction of the field, thus increasing greatly the strength of the magnetic field produced by the solenoid. The magnetization of the core reaches saturation once all the domains are completely aligned, and an increase of the current in the solenoid has little further effect. When the current is switched off, the core retains only a weak residual magnetism. The Domain Theory The domain theory of magnetism suggests that a magnetic material such as iron contains within its structure tiny cells called domains and...

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