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Amid the de-industrialization and grinding poverty of the South Bronx in the mid-1970's, there emerged a musical form and culture that is now known as "hip-hop."  

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Amid the de-industrialization and grinding poverty of the South Bronx in the mid-1970's, there emerged a musical form and culture that is now known as "hip-hop." Undaunted and indeed inspired by economic devastation and limited technological accessibility, black and Puerto Rican teenagers were able to produce their own musical style with two turntables, a microphone, and some old soul and funk records. Along with breakdancing and graffiti, they created a vibrant form of expression that relied more on a street-based cultural capital than economic capital. They looped old beats and placed them in their own particular social context with specific lyrics, making a medium that not only had a referential relationship to the past, but a contextual flexibility that was always current. Although rap music was originally more a part of a party culture than anything overtly political, its values, narratives, and structure were often directly contradictory to the logic...

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