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The normal distribution When many measures are taken of something (eg, scores in a test, people's heights, pollution levels in rivers) the spread of the values will have a bell shape, called the normal distribution. A number of statistical tests use this characteristic distribution (or dispersion) of values to test whether two samples are the same or different. There are several basic terms that are commonly used with the normal distribution. Average (mean) A measure of the average score in a set of data. The mean is found by adding up all the scores and then dividing by the number of scores. Range The difference between the largest core and the and smallest score. Median If a set of scores are arranged from lowest to highest the median is the score in the middle, with half above and half below. Mode The value that occurs most often Standard deviation s A measure of the standard (average) deviation of the scores from the mean.The larger...

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