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Are German National socialism and Italian fascism two brands of the same ideology or separate ideologies? John Eames 13.5 Throughout Europe in the third and fourth decades of the twentieth century ideologies based on fascism and nationalism spread. Even in England, generally regarded as the most reactionary of the 'great' European nations there was a substantial presence on the political scene of men like Oswald Moseley and his black-shirt movement. However, it was in Italy and Germany that these ultra-right movements took government. Although both the Mussolini and Hitler regimes are coupled and categorised into boxes such as 'nationalists' and 'fascists' there are a number of overt differences which prevent most political and historical commentators believing they subscribed to the same ideology. Perhaps the most fundamental of differences between the two dictatorships is the belief in racial supremacy. Although Mussolini held the idea that the Italian race and European races as a whole,...

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