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The use of antibiotics in domestic and food producing animals and its detrimental effects on antibiotic effectiveness in human infection  

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The use of antibiotics in domestic and food producing animals and its detrimental effects on antibiotic effectiveness in human infection Antibiotics are frequently used, and misused, by animal owners in an attempt to remedy disease problems. This use is encouraged by drug company sales efforts, economic pressures, and easy access to the products. Improper use of antibiotics is costly, detrimental, and may result in: 1) delayed diagnosis; 2) ineffectiveness; 3) toxicity (poisoning); 4) allergic reactions; and 5) drug residue contamination of food animal products. After evaluating possible benefits and risks, determining whether or not to use antibiotics for treatment depends on the diagnosis, including the bacterium involved and the specific drug and its dosage schedule. Which drug to select also hinges on the course of the infection, and the chemistry or pharmacology of the drug in the live animal. It is important to realize that most animals recover from disease with...

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