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Malaria Malaria is a protozoal disease transmitted by the Anopheles mosquito (see fig.1 below). The illness is caused by one or more of the four plasmodia that infect humans; P. falciparum, P. vivax, P. ovale and P.malariae. The infection is spread when the mosquito seceretes the parasite whilst having its blood meal. Other transmission methods are rare but include: transfusion of blood, in utero as a result of malaria complicating pregnancy, or through the use of shared needles. Fig. 1 Showing the vector, the female anopheles mosquito. Malaria is the most common serious infection of humans. Around 2 billion people live in areas where malaria is endemic. In the western world malaria is episodic occurring mainly in travellers returning from holidays to these areas. (Mandell, 1995). In this look at malaria I will endeavour to look at the following aspects of the illness: The life cycle of the parasite, the pathological changes...

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