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Language Change.  

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Language Change: Module 6 Historical Factors Before English began - up to ca. 450 AD * British (Celtic) tribes - language related to modern Welsh, Scots Gaelic and Irish (Erse). * Only real connection with Modern English is in lexis (mostly in place names). Origins of English - ca. 450 AD to 1066 * Angles, Saxons and Jutes arrive from north Germany * Language (Old English) is at first spoken · only writing is runes * Written form comes from Latin-speaking monks, who use Roman alphabet, with new letters (æ, ð and þ - spoken as "ash", "eth" and "thorn") * About half of common vocabulary of modern English comes from Old English * Word forms vary according to syntax (inflection, case endings and declension) and grammatical gender * Vikings establish Danelaw · some erosion of grammar and addition of new vocabulary. Middle English Period - 1066 to 1485 * Lexis - terms for law and politics from Norman French *...

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