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The 1982 UN Convention on the Law of the Sea.
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The principal question to be resolved by the 1982 UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, in what concerns the straits' regime, was the allocation of an authority to control and regulate air and sea communications that would balance the interests of States relying on the use of straits for air and sea communications with the interests of coastal states, which would be affected by such use. These diverse interests (as considered in the Corfu Channel case (1949) by the International Court of Justice) along with the growth of the world trade and the heightened awareness of the need to protect the marine environment were the main forces that had led to debate over the selection of a new legal regime to govern air and sea communication through straits. For some States, including many States bordering the Baltic Sea, the Black Sea, The Persian Gulf and the Mediterranean Sea, the...
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