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To what extent did the Athenians gain their empire by force?
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"We did not gain this empire by force" (From Thucydides' version of a speech given by Athenian representatives at Sparta in 432BC) Explain why in 478/7 BC Athens became the leader of the Allies against Persia. How fair were the original arrangements which Athens made as leader of the allies? To what extent would you agree with the speaker that Athens did not gain her empire by force? Thucydides suggests that in 478/7 BC Athens became the leader of the allies due to the arrogant and harsh behaviour of Pausanias the Spartan King towards the Ionians and other recently liberated Greeks in Byzantium. Thucydides says 'The allied commanders were constantly treated with arrogance and ill-temper by Pausanias, and their men were punished with floggings or by being forced to stand all day with an iron anchor on their shoulders.' As a result of this behaviour it was decided that Athens was...
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