Open-Book Paper: Radioactive Decay, Nuclear Fission and Nuclear Fusion
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Have a little read: ... Open-Book Paper: Radioactive Decay, Nuclear Fission and Nuclear Fusion Alpha and Beta Decay Alpha and beta decay are two types of naturally occurring radioactive decay. In alpha decay, an unstable nucleus emits an alpha particle (?), a particle made up of two protons and two neutrons. For example:1 2 In beta decay, a neutron in the nucleus is converted into a proton and a beta particle (ß), an electron. Specifically, as protons and neutrons are both made of quarks, ß-decay converts an up quark into a down quark; releasing a ß-particle and an antineutrino (an antineutrino has no charge or mass, so does not affect the chemistry of ß-decay). This occurs by the weak nuclear force.3 For example:4 This table shows some of the differences between ?-decay and ß-decay emissions:5 ?-decay ß-decay Particle emitted helium nucleus electron Relative charge +2 -1 Relative mass 4 0.00055 Range in air <10cm <10m Stopped by Paper Aluminium foil Deflection by electrical field Low High The fundamental difference between radioactive decay and nuclear fission is that, whereas radioactive
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