Logged out
Access All our Essays in an Instant
Swap your work for FREE access, or pay £4.99 for instant access
To investigate the effect of the halogen atom on the rate of hydrolysis.
Member rating: No Rating | Words: 1367 | Submitted: Mon Oct 29 2007
Page Preview
On the left is an image preview of every page of this document, and below are the first 150 words with formatting removed:
Background knowledge The halogenoalkanes are a vital homologous series, this is due to their importance in organic synthesis, since the halide ion, X-(aq) is an excellent leaving group and may be readily substituted. Halogenoalkanes exist as simple molecules. Between these molecules, van der waals forces as well as dipole- dipole attractions (resulting from the polar C-X bond) operate. The existence of the dipole-dipole attractions explains why halogenoalkanes have slightly higher melting and boiling points when compared with the corresponding alkane. The general formula for halogenoalkanes is: CnH2n+1X. * Where X= fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine. Types of halogenoalkanes * Primary (1º) a halogen is present at the end of the chain: * Secondary(2º) a halogen is present in the body of the chain: * Tertiary(3º) a halogen is present at a branch in of chain: Strength of bonds I have included a table of the...
To see the full version of this document, and 145,328 others
