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Rates of reaction of halogenoalkanes Aim: To compare the rate of displacement of the halide ion varies with respect to the C - X bond. C is the carbon atom and X being the halogen. This is a nucleophilic substitution reaction. Background Knowledge: Halogenoalkanes are alkanes that have one of the H atom replaced with a halogen atom. They are classified according to the number of carbon atoms bonded to the carbon atom which has the halogen atom bonded to. They are primary, secondary and tertiary. A nucleophile is an electron donor; it has one or more lone pairs of electrons which it donates to the carbon atom which has a slightly positive charge due to the difference in electronegativity between the carbon and the halogen atom resulting in the C atom susceptible to attack by an electron rich species (a nucleophile). This results in the C - X bond breaking and...

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