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Organic and Inorganic Fertilisers A fertiliser is a chemical or natural substance added to soil to increase its fertility. (From The Concise Oxford English Dictionary.) Organic fertilisers are derived from animal or plant remains that decompose on or in the soil, slowly releasing mineral ions. Inorganic fertilisers are manufactured and consist of mineral ions and are usually sprayed onto soil in solution. Fertilisers are needed because in natural ecosystems, decomposition recycles mineral ions whereas with crops the plants are removed at harvest and therefore the minerals are removed and not replaced. All growing crops require nutrients to stimulate photosynthesis and growth throughout the growing season. (Arable Handbook brochure from Kemira Grow-How.) Some of which are more important than others. The major nutrients are nitrogen, phosphate and potassium. The secondary nutrients are calcium, sulphur, magnesium and sodium and the trace elements are manganese, iron, selenium, copper, cobalt, boron, zinc and iodine. (Multi-choice leaflet from...

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