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Uses of enzymes In industry and Medicine Enzymes are biological catalysts, which control the biochemical reactions in a cell. The function of each enzyme is determined by its complex structure. The active site is where the reactions take place and the rest of the enzyme acts as scaffolding. All enzymes are proteins. They are made from amino acids. These are made of five elements - carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sulphur. The general structure of an amino acid molecule is shown below. Amino acids are joined by condensation and a water molecule is removed. The bond formed as a result between the two amino acids is called a peptide bond. When two amino acids join together a dipeptide is formed. Three amino acids form a tripeptide. Many amino acids form a polypeptide. In a protein the polypeptide chain may be hundreds of amino acids long. Amino acid polymerisation to form polypeptides is part...

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