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The Function of Proteins Proteins are complex organic molecules which contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sometimes sulphur. They have many functions around the human body. Proteins generally have one or more unbranched polypeptide chains attached 2 them, which are made up of amino acid monomers that are held together by peptide bonds. Although this sounds relatively simple, the shape of a protein is actually complex and 3D and can sometimes have a quaternary structure. The primary structure of a protein consists of different amino acids arranged in a chain in a specific order. The secondary structure links the chains together using hydrogen bond, ionic bonds, covalent bonds, Van der Waals forces and disulphide bonds. The tertiary structure involves the folding of the secondary structure into a complex specific 3D shape. The optional quaternary structure combines two or more tertiary polypeptide structures together. Proteins are usually put into two different groups according to their...

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