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Enzymes, what are they? Enzymes are amazing molecules. They are produced by living cells, with each cell containing several hundred enzymes. They are extremely specific, generally reacting with only one substrate. They can speed up the rate of chemical reactions by as much as a million times, by lowering the activation energy without being used up or being unchanged. Within a cell, in the absence of enzymes, reactions would take place at too slow a rate to sustain life. To increase the rate of reactions, high temperatures would be necessary and this would be lethal to the cell. Activation energy without an enzyme, molecules react by randomly colliding, but energy has to be applied. For a reaction to take place molecules, known as substrates, have to collide with enough energy to break or form bonds, reacting products. The energy required to make substrates react is collide the activation energy. Binding for activity:...

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