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Enzyme use in Medicine and Industry There are many uses for enzymes. An enzyme is a type of protein found in all living cells. They act as biological catalysts, allowing the chemical reactions of metabolism to take place, controlling the speed of the reaction. Enzymes owe their activity to their three-dimensional structural shape. According to the 'lock-and-key' hypothesis, the substances upon which an enzyme acts fit into the active site. A chemical reaction takes place at this site and the products are released, leaving the enzyme unchanged. This can be repeated as often as 100,000/second. Enzymes are specific in relation to the substrates with which they work, and are normally effective for one reaction. They function best in optimum temperature and pH, their action can be slowed or stopped by inhibitors. The human body contains at least 1,000 different enzymes. Using enzymes is critical in understanding causes of diseases. Most genetic...

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