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Discuss the Medical and Commercial Applications of Enzyme Technology Enzymes were first discovered towards the end of the nineteenth century by a German chemist called Edward Buchner (Roberts,1986). Like other scientific discoveries it was a fortuitous accident. He was trying to extract the yeast from a fluid used in medicine, but the extracts would soon go `bad'. To prevent this he tried adding sugar to it and being most surprised when the sugar turned into alcohol. This was due to fermentation. The word `enzyme' literally means `in yeast' so is coined from the active juice that promotes fermentation. Enzymes act as catalyst to almost all biological reactions. Without them the human body would not be able to operate at a fast enough rate and toxins would build up and the supply of respiratory substrate would decrease, life would not be able to be maintained. Enzymes are extremely specific generally...

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