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Discuss the Importance of the Structure and Function of Proteins to Living Organisms "First discovered in 1838, proteins are now recognized as the predominant ingredients of cells." ((c) Encarta, 1998) Proteins are very important biological compounds composed from monomers called amino acids. These are composed of the elements carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen and sometimes sulphur. There are about twenty naturally occurring amino acids; they contain an amino group (NH2) and a carboxyl group (COOH). Proteins vary according to their radical group, which completes the side group of the amino acid. Amino acids join via condensation, to form a dipeptides and polypeptides through a peptide bond. Genes have a genetic code, which instructs cells to make polypeptides using the correct sequence of amino acids. Proteins have many different levels of structure - consequently they have varied functions. The first structure that can be formed is the primary structure because it is the simplest....

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