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Sheena Shah (12L) Discuss the Application of Enzymes in Biotechnological processes. Enzymes are proteins that act as catalysts to speed up reactions. They are used in different industrial processes to help specific chemical transformations. The main role of an enzyme is to provide an active site, which has a complementary shape to the molecules that bind there. Enzymes only react with one substrate. Substrates are converted to products through the formation of an enzyme substrate complex. Enzymes have the ability to catalyse specific reactions at normal temperatures and pressures. These chemical reactions are controlled by enzymes and are used in biotechnology. Most enzymes used in industry are obtained from microbial sources such as fungi and bacteria. The majority of biotechnological processes use the whole microorganism, however, many new techniques only use isolated enzymes. This is when the enzyme has been purified from the organism. This method is widely being used in the medical,...

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