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Regulation of gene expression in prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
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Regulation of gene expression in prokaryotes and eukaryotes For a bacterium, it would be wasteful to transcribe all its genes at the same time- for example, it would be silly for a bacterium to produce enzymes for the synthesis of an amino acid, if it was readily available from its environment. And so bacterium have evolved a number of mechanisms for regulating gene expression. Potentially, there are 3 sites of control: * by changing gene transcription * by changing mRNA turnover time * by changing the rate of translation The mechanisms that I wish to discuss are those involving the regulation of gene transcription. Prokaryotic genomes differ to eukayotic genomes, in various manners, for example, eukaryotic genomes contain significantly more non-coding sequences than do those of prokaryotes. Also, many bacterial genes exist as operons, the genes are coordinately arranged to give proteins with related functions. Operons may be inducible, or repressible, and include the lac operon (an...
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