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Topic 4: Genetics: The code broken? A. The structure of a gene provides the code for a polypeptide Describe the processes involved in the transfer of information from DNA through RNA to the production of a sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide * Proteins are the building materials for organisms; they may also function as hormones or enzymes. Polypeptides are the building blocks for proteins * Gene - is a section of the DNA that codes for the production of a specific polypeptide Protein synthesis has two stages 1. Transcription * Occurs in the nucleus * The DNA unwinds to expose the base sequence on one strand (the template) * The sequence of the bases is transcripted (copied) by complimentary m-RNA nucleotides * The m-RNA only copies the coding part of the DNA sequence (exons), the 'non-coding' part (intron) is not copied by the m-RNA 2. Translation * The m-RNA molecule travels from the nucleus to the cytoplasm and attaches to...

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