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Biology presentation 10thMarch,2002 Genetic engineering As we all knew, the most important scientific event of the 20th century was probably the 1953 discovery, by James Watson and Francis Crick, of the structure of the DNA molecule, which is the basis of heredity. There are some practical applications of this knowledge. And the main two types of applications are 1) for agricultural purpose (genetic modified organism GMO and genetic modified food GMF) and 2) for medical purpose. Food application How to make cheese from yeasts? In the past hard cheeses are made from whole milk by adding an enzyme called chymosin, which was formerly extracted from the stomach of calves. Nowadays, the gene for making chymosin was transferred from cows to yeast because 1) many people consider it is wrong to slaughter calves, 2) chymosin from yeast is cheaper and purer. So today, over 90% of all hard cheese is made from chymosin produced...

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