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Mr. Miller Biology 401A Biology Essay BEGÜM COGAL Explain how DNA fingerprinting works. DNA fingerprinting is a technique used to identify individual organisms based upon the uniqueness of their DNA pattern. No two people (except for identical twins) have exactly the same DNA base sequence. 99% of DNA in all humans is the same. However, the 1% that is highly variable allows scientist to distinguish identity. The DNA alphabet is made up of four building blocks-A, T, C, and G called base pairs. The order in which these are linked together determine the meaning or function of the genes they code for. However, not our entire DNA contains useful information. A large amount of it is 'junk' which is not translated into useful proteins. In the non-coding regions of the genome, sequences of DNA are frequently repeated giving rise to variable number tandem repeats (VNTRs). The number of repeats varies from one person...

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