The Skeletal and Muscular System

... The Skeletal, Articular and Muscular Systems Task 1 a. Analyse the effects of hormones, diet and activity on bone growth. Bone comprises various types of tissue including bone tissue, cartilage, dense connective tissue, epithelium, adipose tissue and nervous tissue. Bone is continuously growing, remodelling and repairing itself. The process of formation of bone is called as ossification which occurs under the following four conditions: Endochondral Ossification a. Initial formation of bones in an embryo or foetus. In an embryo or foetus there are two types of ossification, intramembranous ossification and endochondral ossification. Intramembranous ossification is the formation of the flat bones of the skull and mandible or lower jawbone. Endochondral ossification involves replacement of cartilage by bone and most bones in the body are formed in this way. b. Growth of bones during infancy, childhood and adolescence until adult bone sizes are reached. Long bones grow in length and bones throughout the body grow in thickness during infancy, childhood

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