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Kidney Function Introduction and definition of terms: The kidneys are the main organs in the urinary system. They filter waste products out of blood from the renal artery. These are then excreted. Useful solutes are reabsorbed into the blood. They also have a major homeostatic role in the body, and help to control the water content (osmoregulation) and pH of the blood. Homeostasis is the maintenance of a constant internal environment within a living organism. Excretion is the removal from the body of waste products made in the cells during metabolism. Osmoregulation is the homeostatic control of body water. Water intake needs to balance with water loss. Urea is instantly converted from ammonia, as it is a less soluble and less toxic compound. It is the main nitrogenous excretory product of humans. Each kidney receives its blood supply from the renal artery. The kidney consists of millions of filtering units called nephrons. Blood comes to the kidney under...

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