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HOMEOSTASIS At all stages of the life of a mammal the cells of the body are provided with a constant supply of the things they need. There is a buffering of the fluctuation of the environment so that the cells in a mammal may live even though the conditions outside the body are not good. Such environmental fluctuations include: * WATER * pH * OXYGEN * TEMPERATURE * NUTRIENTS (e.g.. glucose, ions) * LEVEL OF TOXINS AND OF WASTE PRODUCTS * SALINITY (OSMOTIC PRESSURE) Because the cells have a fluid bathing them whose chemical composition and temperature is VERY CONSTANT these cells are able to function equally well in the tropics or the arctic, in the ocean, in fresh water or in the desert. HOMEOSTASIS = maintenance of constancy of the INTERNAL ENVIRONMENT where the `internal environment' = the INTERCELLULAR FLUID (the medium in which body cells are bathed) - also known as INTERSTITIAL or TISSUE FLUID. BASIC PRINCIPLES OF HOMEOSTASIS 1. Whenever a condition (e.g.....

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