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Carbohydrate Metabolism Blood glucose level is maintained at approximately 90mg glucose per 10cm blood. Low levels of glucose would be damaging because some tissues cannot, such as the brain store glucose. Low blood sugar level is called hypoglycaemia and causes hunger, sweating, irritability and double vision. High blood sugar level is called hyperglycemia and causes breakdown of muscle tissue, loss of weight and tiredness. A rise in blood sugar level is detected by the ß cells in the pancreas, which in response produce more insulin. Sugar enters the liver from the gut by the hepatic portal vein. This is the only blood vessel in the body having extremely variable sugar content. All hexose sugars are converted to glucose by the liver and stored as insoluble polysaccharide glycogen. Converting Glucose to glycogen is called Glconegenesis and is stimulated by the presence of insulin. Insulin is a small protein composed of 51 amino acids. It is released in response to a...

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