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Sumudu D. Lankatilake U6B Biology The Mammalian eye The eyes are spherical structures held in the bony sockets of the skull called the orbits. The rectus and oblique muscles control the eye movement. The wall of the eye is composed of three distinct layers, which are the sclera, choroid, and retina. The biconvex crystalline lens is held inside the eye behind the pupil by suspesory ligaments, which in turn are attached to the ciliary body (smooth muscle). Aqueous and vitreous humour maintains the shape of the eye. The lachrymal glands secrete a bactericidal enzyme, which protects the eye from abrasion and infection. The conjunctiva, which is continuous with the epithelial lining of the eyelids give further protection to the eye. The retina is made up of three layers of cells: * The photoreceptor layer, containing rods and cones, both of which are partly embedded on the pigmented epithelial cells of the choroids. * The...

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